Internal-combustion engine and parts thereof



July 24, 1923- 1 1,462,654

c. w. PHILIP INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND PARTS THEREOF Filed Nov. 9,1921 Gigi? i I. N15! //v v5 N TOR CHARLE UU. Pv-uup 5 QTTORNEy Patentedduly 241, W23.

entree stares rnrnnr CHARLES W. PHILIP, OF SAN FRANGISCO," CALETQENIEA,

.IN'EERNAL-GOMBUSTION ENGINE AND FABT$ THEREOF.

Application filed ltovember 9, 1921. Serial No. 513,983.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1,051 W. PHILIP, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of thecit and county of San Francisco, it State of alifornia,havemade a new and useful invention-to wit, Improvements inInternal-Combustion Engines and Parts Thereof; and .1 do hereby declarethe following to be a full, clear, concise, and exact re description ofthe same.

Thisinvention relates'particularly to an internal combustion engine andmeans for constructing the same.

The principal ob ect t thisinvention is 116 to provide an en ine whereinthe cylinder,

adjacent the com ustion' chamber, the pis-1 ton, valves and ports willbe so constructed and arranged as to prevent the heat of combustionbeing radiated to the main engine so structure. 7

A further object tion chamber, piston and valves, with insulatingmaterial thereon, toprevent the heat of combustion reachin the metallicengine 2 parts, whereby the conlbustion chamber and. attendant partswill be maintained atoa lower tern eratura'the volume of necessarylubricant ecreased and to eliminate carbon deposits. and consequent fouland dirty 30 parts. A still further object is to provide a valve withthe iacethereof formed from non-conductin material... @ther objects andadvantages will appear as this description progresses. lin thisspecification and the "annexed drawings, the invention is illustrated inthe. term considered to be the best, but it is to be understoodthat theinvention is not limited to such form, because itmay be emt bodied inother forms; and it is also to be understood that in and by the claimsfollowing the description, it is desired to cover the invention inwhatsoever formiit may be embodied.

mgsza Fig. 1 represents a vertical side elevation through an internalcombustion engine constructed in accordance with my invention. W Fig. 2is a'perspective vievv of my im proved. valve.

llnternalcombustion engines utilizing gasified-hydro-carbon :tuel ot ahigher gravity for "fuel generally consist or a cylinder blockpropersequence. is to provide-a'combus- Tn the accompanying one sheet ofdrawresisting material may be securely locked formed with a cylindricalchber 12 55 therein. The cylinder block has a pressed metal head 13suitably mounted thereon and adapted to enclose the open end of thechamber 12. A suitable inlet port or manifold 14: secured to said head13 communicates the to atmosphere with the combustion chamber 12 andsimllarly the exhaust manifold 15 communicates said chamber 12 with theatmosphere, "Valves 16 and 17 ,synchronized to operate 1n unison withthecranlr shaft of the. engine, are inter osed bettieen the respective,inlet and ex aust ports 14 and 15 and chamber12. The piston 20 isadapted to reciprocate within the cylinder 12 and to, draw to compress,to be reciprocated by expending gases, and enhaust said gases to makethe suction compression, expansion and discharge cycles in their.lsuitable sparking means 21 is provided for ignitingany gaseous 'luelcharge admitted through the inlet 14, past the valve 16 into thecombustion chamber 12. The construction thus far described is standardin every respect and common to all engines oi this type.

In adapting my invention to standard in ternal combustion conditions, Ihave milled awa the outer upper edge of the cylinder bloc 10 at 22 toreceive the cup shaped head 13. A cup shaped gasket formed from heatresisting and non-conducting material, com: prised of the circular baseplate 23and integral flange 26 is adapted to fit within the cup shapedhead 13 and the edge of the flange 26 to rest on and engage the top edgeof the cylinder bloclr 10. The inner diameter oi the gasket flange 26 isthe same diameter as the piston and the height of said flange, above thecylinder bloclr 10, forms the combustion chamber. The gasket is alsoprovided with suitable openings, 24 and 25 registering with the inletand discharge till ' ports 1d and 15, respectively. A smaller opening isprovided through which the sparking means 21. may ass.

lilll The piston 20, prefera ly formed of aluminum, but may be any othermetal, is constructed with a depression in its upperface, into which agasket 27 of the said heat ltlU against dislodgement. The outer diameterof the exposed face of the gasket 2'? would be as near the same innerdiameter as the fined t thisparticular method ofse'curing' combustionchamber commensurate with good construction. Any number of means mightbe used for securin the gasket 27 to the face ofthe iston. n thepractice of my invention, have found it more eco- '-nomical andexpedient to place the gasket 27 in the head of a piston mold, (the saidgasket being first provided with rojecting pins or lugs 28 on one facethereo so that in pouring molten metal, preferably aluminum, into themold, it would flow around the said gasket and adhere to it and the pro-'ections 28 so as to firmly embed said gasket into thefac'e of thepiston. It is to be understood, however, that I'do not wish to be conthesaid gasket to the piston.

The valves, 16 and 17, comprise a hollow cone-shaped casing 30 suitablybevelled exteriorly, according to any predetermined angle, and terminatein a valve stem 31. A

a suitable filling of the said non-conducting material 32 would beplaced within the con-- tral cavity of the cone-shaped casin so as tominimize the area of the expose metallic surface and therebyreducing'its powers of heat absorption. The valve is formed by millinthe central cavity within the coneshape casing and I shaped filling 32of the said heat resisting material. The circumferential edge of theconc shaped casing 30 would project beyond the exposed face of thegasket material .32 whereb it could be bent or flanged over-as at 33, toxedly lock said gasket 32 within the cavity formed within thecone-shaped casing 30. An insulated valve of this character isespecially valuable in an exhaust port which is maintained at a highertemperature than the intake valve, due to the fact that the hot asespass said valve in-being discharged, whi e the intake valve is cooled byfresh incomin gases.

To rther minimize the heat of combustion being transferred or radiatedto the metal parts of the engine, I have found it desirable to cover theinterior surface of the exhaust manifold 15. with the said heatreexhaust gases will not be transmitted to the engine structure adjacentthe said exhaust v sulating manifold.

I have found it preferable to form the inaskets 23, 27, 32 and 40 fromfibrous'as stos, compressed under a pressure of about 7,00Q tons persquare inch. The material is thus united into a hard mass having all thephysical properties of metal, but with a bod texture able to withstandthe destructive e ects of combustion, the heat of theexp'loded gases andat the same time prevent said heat being transmitted to the exposedportionsof the combustion chamber, piston and valves and burning orbreaking up the lubricating properties of the lubricatplacing therein, acone-.

ducting material placed upon the piston,

valves and cylinder wall prevents carbon de-' posits from collectingonthe protected parts, inasmuch as the sald walls do 'not become heatedtothe point where carbon will collect. In the usual all metal combustionchamber the same becomes heated to approximately the heat of combustion,so that the fuel gas in striking this heated surface. becomes brokendown or disintegrated and adheres to theortions with which it comes incontact. ft'er an initial deposit hasbeen made the waste hydro-carbonparticles remaining after combustion readily collect and form a dirtyand foul combustion chamber, resulting in premature combustion. and, areduc-' tion of efficiency.

" With an engine structure constructed according to my invention, 0linder' block, cylinder head and piston are ept at a very lowtemperature, preventing the wasted products of-comb'ustion fromcollecting, eliminating any change of premature firing, and makin eachparticular-combustion c can and e cient and further preventing theradiated heat of the engine-wall structure from being ,ton having aclosed end-withgan outwardly extending shoulder formed with an innerface the walls of which convergeoutwardly, heat-resisting non-conductingmaterial covering the outer face of the c osed end of the piston andconformably' engaged withthe converging walls of the shoulder, saidshoulder being integral with the piston and having its said walls ofsuch inclination as to ho d the said material in osition'by frictionalengagement therewith and means embedded in the non-conducting materialand in the piston to connect the central part of the non-conductingmaterial to the piston.

2. In'an engine of the type set forth, a piston having a closed end withan outwardly extending shoulder formed with an inner face the walls ofwhich converge outwardly, and heat-resisting non-conducting materialcovering the outer face of the closed-end of the piston and conformablyen aged with the converging walls of the shoul er, said shoulder beingintegral with the piston and havingdits said walls of such inclinationas to the said material in position by frictional engagement therewith,said material having pins which project outwardly from the inner facethereof and are interlockingly embedded in the material of the piston.-

3. In combination with an engine such as described, of a piston arrangedto be reciprocated in said engine, said piston having heat resisting,non-conducting material covering the exposed end thereof within saidengine; and metal pins in said material adapted to be embedded in saidpiston end to form a homogeneous union. v

4. In combination with an engine such as described, of a piston arrangedto be reciprocated in said engine; an integral annular shoulder formedon the exposed end or the said piston within said engine;heat-resisting, non-conducting material adapted to cover the exposed endof said piston Within said annular shoulder; and metal pins in saidmaterial adapted to be embedded in said piston end to form a homogeneousunion therewith.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at San Francisco,California, this 29th day of October, 1921.

, CHARLES W. PHILIP.

In presence of LINCOLN V. JOHNSON.

